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General information

Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (Valenciennes, 1844)

Common name

Silver carp, Belli-gende

Synonyms

Leuciscus molitrix Valenciennes, 1844
Leuciscus hypophthalmus Richardson, 1845
Cephalus mantschuricus Basilewsky, 1855
Onychodon mantschuricus (Basilewsky, 1855)
Abramocephalus microlepis Steindachner, 1869
Hypophthalmichthys dabri Bleeker, 1878
Hypophthalmichthys dybowskii Herzenstein, 1888

IUCN Red List status (2014)

Near Threatened (NT)

Habitat

Freshwater

Systematics

Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Actinopterygii; Neopterygii; Teleostei; Ostariophysi; Cypriniformes; Cyprinidae.

Geographical distribution

India; China; Japan; Indonesia; Bangladesh; Malaysia; Sri Lanka; Pakistan; Philippines; Singapore; Thailand; Taiwan; South Korea; Vietnam; Saudi Arabia; Israel; Iraq; Iran; Egypt; Myanmar; Jordan; Lebanon; Hong Kong; Laos; Cambodia; Bhutan; Nepal; Mongolia; Afghanistan; Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Turkey; Russia; New Zealand; South Africa; Madagascar; Algeria; Morocco; Mozambique; UK; Germany; France; Italy; Greece; Bulgaria; Ukraine; Romania; Sweden; Belgium; Netherlands; USA; Mexico; Brazil; Argentina; Peru; Panama; Cuba; Jamaica; Puerto Rico; Costa Rica; Dominican Republic; Honduras; Fiji; Albania; Austria; Cyprus; Czech Republic; Estonia; Hungary; Latvia; Moldova; Poland; Serbia; Slovakia; Switzerland; Ethiopia; Malawi; Mauritius; Rwanda

Occurrence

Introduced: India, Japan, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Philippines, Thailand, South Korea, Vietnam, Saudi Arabia, Iraq, Myanmar, Lebanon, Cambodia, Bhutan, Nepal, Mongolia, Afghanistan, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Turkey, New Zealand, South Africa, Algeria, Morocco, Germany, France, Italy, Greece, Ukraine, Romania, Sweden, Belgium, Netherlands, USA, Mexico, Brazil, Argentina, Peru, Panama, Cuba, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Honduras, Fiji, Albania, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Hungary, Latvia, Moldova, Poland, Serbia, Slovakia, Ethiopia, Mauritius, Rwanda
Native: China, Hong Kong, Russia
Not established: Indonesia, Malaysia, Sri Lanka, Singapore, Taiwan, Israel, Iran, Egypt, Jordan, Laos, Madagascar, Mozambique, UK, Bulgaria, Austria, Estonia, Switzerland, Malawi

Importance

Food/sports

Remarks

Nil

Karyological information

Geographical area of study

Poondi fresh water aquaculture station

Source of chromosomes

Gill tissues.

Number of specimens with sex

Diploid chromosome number

Karyotype formula

22m+22sm+4t/a

Fundamental arm number

Chromosome length

Chromosome lengths ranged from 3.5*10-3 to 7.0*10-

Sex chromosome

Chromosome staining/banding/FISH

Nucleolar organiser region was distinctly observed in first pair and heterochromatin region observed in all the pairs.

Reference(s)

Nandini S, Arockia Rita JJ, Sharmila G (2014). Karyomorphology of two major carps, Cirrhinus mrigala (Hamilton) Buchanan (Mrigal) and Hypophthalmichthys molitrix Valenciennes (Silver Carp). The International Journal of Science & Technoledge, 2(13): 19-25.